For the equilibrium: N₂(g) + 3H₂(g) ⇌ 2NH₃(g), how will decreasing the volume of the container at constant temperature affect the system?

  1. Equilibrium shifts to the right (more NH₃ produced).
  2. Equilibrium shifts to the left (more N₂ and H₂ produced).
  3. The equilibrium constant (Kc) will increase.
  4. No change in the equilibrium position occurs.

📝 Detailed explanation

Decreasing volume increases the pressure. The system shifts towards the side with fewer moles of gas (2 moles on the right vs 4 moles on the left) to reduce the pressure.
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